附：2012版规则修改的部分 《Rules of Golf》每四年一修订，从2012年1月1日起，R＆A已正式发布并开始执行2012新版规则，现将已公布的修订内容原文照录，并在一些和我们平时打球有关的地方适当做了注释。 Definitions（定义部分的修改） Addressing the Ball （击球准备） The Definition is amended so that a player has addressed the ball simply by grounding his club immediately in front of or behind the ball, regardless of whether or not he has taken his stance. Therefore, the Rules generally no longer provide for a player addressing the ball in a hazard. (See also related change to Rule 18-2b) 08版的“击球准备”是指球员取得站位、球杆着地，12版修改为只要球杆触及紧靠球前或球后的地面便视为完成了击球准备，再不涉及到“取得站位”；因为在障碍区击球前是不能用球杆触地的，这样一来，障碍区击球也就没有“完成击球准备”一说了。 Rules （规则条文部分的修改） Rule 1-2. Exerting Influence on Movement of Ball or Altering Physical Conditions（对球的运动施加影响或改变击球的自然环境） The Rule is amended to establish more clearly that, if a player intentionally takes an action to influence the movement of a ball or to alter physical conditions affecting the playing of a hole in a way that is not permitted by the Rules, Rule 1-2 applies only when the action is not already covered in another Rule. For example, a player improving the lie of his ball is in breach of Rule 13-2 and therefore that Rule would apply, whereas a player intentionally improving the lie of a fellow-competitor’s ball is not a situation covered by Rule 13-2 and, therefore, is governed by Rule 1-2. 这一条规则没有实质性修改，只是对如何运用说得更清楚些。举的例子是：球员改善自己的球位属于违反规则13－2，按13－2处置就是（比洞赛本洞负、比杆赛罚2杆），不用涉及1－2；但13－2对球员有意改善其他人球位的行为没有明确，则应该执行1－2。 Rule 6-3a. Time of Starting （出发时间） Rule 6-3a is amended to provide that the penalty for starting late, but within five minutes of the starting time, is reduced from disqualification to loss of the first hole in match play or two strokes at the first hole in stroke play. Previously this penalty reduction could be introduced as a condition of competition. 这一条主要是针对正式比赛的“比赛条件”，可以将迟到在5分钟之内的处罚由“取消资格”减轻为“第一洞负（比洞赛）”或“第一洞罚2杆（比杆赛）”，而08版是不管迟到多久都直接DQ。 Rule 12-1. Seeing Ball; Searching for Ball （看见球、寻找球） Rule 12-1 is reformatted for clarity. In addition, it is amended to (i) permit a player to search for his ball anywhere on the course when it may be covered by sand and to clarify that there is no penalty if the ball is moved in these circumstances, and (ii) apply a penalty of one stroke under Rule 18-2a if a player moves his ball in a hazard when searching for it when it is believed to be covered by loose impediments. 这里面有一点修改很实际：在障碍区寻找被散置障碍物覆盖的球时如果移动了球要罚1杆，而08版是不罚的。 Rule 13-4. Ball in Hazard; Prohibited Actions（球在障碍区时禁止的行为） Exception 2 to Rule 13-4 is amended to permit a player to smooth sand or soil in a hazard at any time, including before playing from that hazard, provided it is for the sole purpose of caring for the course and Rule 13-2 is not breached. 这一条的修改应该说是影响比较大的，简单来说就是：如果球员仅仅是出于维护球场的目的，只要没有改善球位、没有改善预期站位与挥杆区域、没有改善打球线，则在障碍区中任何时候都可以平整沙子或泥土，包括在击球前平整都没有问题。 Rule 18-2b. Ball Moving After Address（击球准备后球移动） A new Exception is added that exonerates the player from penalty if his ball moves after it has been addressed when it is known or virtually certain that he did not cause the ball to move. For example, if it is a gust of wind that moves the ball after it has been addressed, there is no penalty and the ball is played from its new position. 这一条就是很多球友都比较关心的重要修改：完成击球准备后，如果能够肯定不是由于球员本身的原因造成球移动（例如是风吹动的），则不再罚杆（08版不管是不是球员的原因都罚），球停在哪就在哪打下一杆。 Rule 19-1. Ball in Motion Deflected or Stopped; By Outside Agency （运动中的球被局外者变向或停止） The note is expanded to prescribe the various outcomes when a ball in motion has been deliberately deflected or stopped by an outside agency. 意思是修改后对局外者影响运动中球的各种情况说得更清楚些。 Rule 20-7c. Playing from Wrong Place; Stroke Play （比杆赛中在错误的地方打球） Note 3 is amended so that if a player is to be penalised for playing from a wrong place, in most cases the penalty will be limited to two strokes, even if another Rule has been breached prior to his making the stroke. 08版的注释只说了这种情况下（在错误的地方打球）错误的替换球不增加罚杆，现在修改为大部分情况都最多只罚2杆，哪怕在错误的地方击球前还违反了其他的规则。 Appendix IV（附录部分的修改） A new Appendix is added to prescribe general regulations for the design of devices and other equipment, such as tees, gloves and distance measuring devices. 增加这一条附录后，对一些球友一直比较关心的测距仪到底能不能使用这个问题就有明确答案了。 ------------------------------------------------ 致 谢 笔者首先要对著名高尔夫国际级裁判李今亮博士表示最诚挚的感谢。 在笔者这几年努力学习和悉心体会高尔夫规则的整个过程中，李今亮老师对笔者给予的大量实际帮助和诸多具体指导难以尽述；除了在三次裁判员培训与考试班上的直接聆教外，笔者平时但凡遇到任何难以正确理解或觉得一时不好解决的规则问题，都会在第一时间冒搅扰之嫌向李老师请教，李老师也都会不厌其烦的及时进行解答和讲解。 尤其是，对笔者纯粹出于业余爱好而自行编篡的这本粗浅小册子，李老师还能欣然应笔者请求，在相当繁忙的工作中抽出时间专门审阅，令笔者诚恳感谢之余尤觉特别的感动。 迄今为止，国内见诸市面的中文类高尔夫规则读物甚为稀少，质量水平也参差不齐；李金亮老师的大作《高尔夫规则细解》不仅是笔者认真拜读过的认为最为全面、最为专业、最为严谨、最为适用的中文类高尔夫规则专著，也更是笔者平时学习和钻研规则问题（包括在编篡这边小册子的过程中）必备的权威工具；如果说笔者的这本普及性小册子有可能使爱好者得窥规则之门，则李老师的专业著述应是爱好者进一步在规则学习和规则运用领域实现登堂入室的有效捷径，非常值得我们悉心研读。 笔者也衷心感谢平时经常与笔者进行规则问题交流、主动提供各种实际案例共同探讨规则奥秘的、所有认识或不认识的球友和博友；正是由于受到他们的鼓舞，笔者才会有持续不断的动力，不遗余力地努力做一名规则问题的“吹鼓手”。 编著: 风尘子